Kahneman's 2012 book, also a best-seller, ' Thinking, Fast and Slow' contains much of the fundamental Khaneman-Tversky theory which underpins the Thaler-Sunstein 'Nudge' concept.

The name and concept of 'Nudge' or 'Nudge theory' were popularized by the 2008 book, ' Nudge: Improving Decisions About Health, Wealth, and Happiness', which became a major international best-seller. They built much of their theory on the ' heuristics' work of Israeli-American psychologists Daniel Kahneman and Amos Tversky, which first emerged in the 1970s in psychological journals. Nudge theory is credited mainly to American academics Richard H Thaler and Cass R Sunstein. Like any review, this article is open to debate as to how precisely it interprets and represents the original (Thaler-Sunstein/Kahneman-Tversky) work, and this is especially so because of the adaptive and developmental nature of this article. If you extract/quote from this article please clarify in the citation that the extract is taken from this article/webpage, (which is, therefore, a 'secondary source' in terms of the theories of Thaler, Sunstein, Kahneman and Tversky). Note: This article is not a reproduction or extraction of Thaler and Sunstein's work - it is a summary, interpretation and extension of 'Nudge' theory, including the main terminology, expanded by supplementary methods, with helpful explanations, examples and connections, to related ideas and concepts of motivation and management.Īccordingly, if you seek to understand Thaler and Sunstein's work first-hand, or to research and extract from the original Thaler-Sunstein source material, then you should obtain their book 'Nudge', and also explore Kahneman and Tversky's earlier work. There are lots of these unhelpful 'nudges' everywhere - notably in advertising and government some accidental, many very deliberate. Nudge theory can also be used to explore, understand, and explain existing influences on how people behave, especially influences which are unhelpful, with a view to removing or altering them. 'Nudge' theory was proposed originally in US 'behavioral economics', but it can be adapted and applied much more widely for enabling and encouraging change in people, groups, or yourself.

Offers a glossary of Nudge theory and related terms.

Offers 'Nudge' methods and related concepts as a 'Nudge' theory 'toolkit' so that the concept can be taught and applied in a wide range of situations involving relationships with people, and enabling people to improve their thinking and decision-making.

Extends the appreciation and application of 'Nudge' methodology to broader change-management, motivation, leadership, coaching, counselling, parenting, etc.

Defines and describes additional methods of 'nudging' people and groups.

Relates 'Nudge' methods to other theories and models, and to Kahneman and Tversky's work.

Reviews and explains Thaler and Sunstein's 'Nudge' concept, especially ' heuristics'(tendencies for humans to think and decide instinctively and often mistakenly).

The book is based strongly on the Nobel prize-winning work of the Israeli-American psychologists' Daniel Kahneman and Amos Tversky. Nudge theory was named and popularized by the 2008 book, ' Nudge: Improving Decisions About Health, Wealth, and Happiness', written by American academics Richard H Thaler and Cass R Sunstein.

Identifying and modifying existing unhelpful influences on people.

Helping people improve their thinking and decisions,.Understanding how people think, make decisions, and behave,.Nudge theory is a flexible and modern concept for:

Hell architect nude